Теоретичні та прикладні питання економіки. Збірник наукових праць.
Випуск 1 (50)
УДК 338.43:633.1
JEL D40, F14, Q13, Q18
ORCID ID 0000-0001-8030-8651
ORCID ID 0000-0001-8671-5709
ORCID ID 0000-0001-6270-8416
DOI https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2025.50.1
Bazylevych V.D.,
Corresponding member of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
Doctor of Science (Economics), Professor,
Fyliuk H.M,
Doctor of Science (Economics), Professor,
Head of the Department of Business Economics
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Kolosha V.V.,
PhD in Economics, Associate Professor,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETITION IN THE GRAIN MARKET AS A BASIS FOR ENSURING FOOD SECURITY
The article analyzes the degree of competition in the Ukrainian grain market under current conditions and its impact on the country’s food security. The authors defined geographical, product, and time boundaries of the grain market. The analyzed market participants were identified on the demand and supply side. In particular, it was found that the main actors on the supply side are grain producers, grain storage companies, and accredited exchanges. Food companies, households, and state reserve funds represent the demand. The structure of the Ukrainian grain market is analyzed. Authors prove that the most appropriate way to calculate the market share of grain companies is the calculation based on their production share in the total production volume of grain. The author ranking of grain producers is proposed depending on the size of the land plots they exploit for growing grain crops. The dynamic of the number of companies producing grain crops is analyzed in 2021-2023. The authors found a slight increase in market concentration both at the national and regional levels. They expect a further rise in Ukrainian grain market consolidation caused by the implementation of the second stage of land reform. The positive impact of establishing a Ukrainian universal exchange on forming a transparent competitive environment for trading grain crops in Ukraine is shown. At the same time, the share of grain sold through this institution is still very low. The role of grain trading companies in the Ukrainian grain market is exposed, and scientific approaches to their classification are generalized. The authors found that grain traders positively influence grain market performance and the degree of competition in this market. It can be explained by the fact that such companies ensure an increase in export potential even under full-scale invasion, the development of storage and trade infrastructure, and enter into forward agreements with agricultural producers. At the same time, grain traders control purchase prices and logistic assets, create unequal conditions of competition for small agricultural producers, and also do not take into account the needs of the domestic market; therefore, they threaten the food security of Ukraine.
Keywords: agricultural business, export, war, competition, competitiveness, monopolization, grain market, food security.
Full Text: PDF
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2025.50.1